"Georgia Douglas Johnson’s poem ‘‘Black Woman’’ (1922), for example, defies the natural desire to procreate, the literal idea of mother nature. When the speaker in ‘Black Woman’’ insists, ‘‘I must not give you birth,’’ Johnson suggests that the mother cannot celebrate the birth of a black child in an antiblack world. In ‘‘Black Woman’’ Johnson denaturalizes women’s desire to become mothers. When she describes herself as the ‘‘mother of Negro poets,’’ it is clear that her role as a poet was overdetermined by the very gender norms that she sought to subvert. This poem was given the title ‘‘Motherhood’’ when originally published in The Crisis, and renamed ‘‘Black Woman’’ when published in Bronze: A Book of Verse (1922). The move away from the title that evokes universal womanhood is a key sign of the gender and race terrain navigated by black women poets of this era. This poem gains a different emphasis when read through the lens of the title ‘‘Black Woman.’’ The dual titles reveal the ‘‘double jeopardy’’ of black women, a foreshadowing of the principal theory of gender and race in 1970s black feminism." (Crawford, 127)