Keeping in Touch: An Anthology of the Victorian Seance

Confessions of a Medium: A Clown and a Slave Boy

In this excerpt of Confessions of a Medium readers are introduced to two explicitly racialzed and classed characters: Joey, the spirit of an American slave boy, and the anonymous “clown” or rustic who speaks to the mediums in one session. Joey makes frequent “appearances” throughout the text and it is curious but probably not insignificant that the narrator’s fraudulent friends use a pathetic black figure to inspire sympathy and curiosity in their white, middle/upper-class audience. The séance with the clown reveals how class did matter in spiritualism, though modern readers might suspect that class did not carry over into the afterlife. 

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