1. One of the Old Crowd, "Remembrances of the Bohemian Club," 12. 

2. Karbiener, "Whitman at Pfaff's," 13. 

3. Ibid. 

4. Mann Hatton, "Sought, Seen, Heard," New York Evening Post, June 20, 1925, 8. http://fultonhistory.com/; Ebenezer Clapp, The Clapp Memorial: Record of the Clapp Family in America: Containing Sketches of the Original Six Emigrants, and a Genealogy of Their Descendants Bearing the Name: with a Supplement and the Proceedings at Two Family Meetings (Boston: David Clapp & Son, Publishers, 1876), 40. 

5. F. B. S., "A Visit To Walt Whitman," 10. 

6. Chambers, "Do Lovers of Literature," 5; "'Bohemians' and 'Tips,'" 3. 

7. Sunday Inter Ocean. "[Image of Pfaff's Beer Cellar]," August 12, 1888, 16.  

8. G. J. M., "Bohemianism," 9. 

9. New York Herald, "Bohemian Days at Pfaff's," 8. 

10. G. J. M., "Bohemianism," 9. 

11. Parry, Garrets and Pretenders, 21. 

12. New York Herald, "Old Days at Pfaff's," November 2, 1890, 28. http://fultonhistory.com/Fulton.html; Chicago Tribune, "The 'Bohemians' of New York," 1; Cambridge Tribune, "Library Chat," 5. 

13. New York Herald, "Old Days at Pfaff's," 28. 

14. The Wayne County Herald (Honesdale, PA), "Newspaper Salaries," July 2, 1891, 1. http://fultonhistory.com/Fulton.html. 

15. McDermott, "Ghosts of Bohemia," 12. 

16. Parry, Garrets and Pretenders, 32; The New-York Traveler; And United States Hotel Directory, "Our Secret Told," 5. 

17. Chambers, "Do Lovers of Literature Recognize Debt to Bohemia," 5. 

18. Launcelot, "Our New York Letter…Some Account of the Bohemians of New York [. . .]," 2. 

19. Ibid. 

20. Hugh Farrar McDermott, "The Good Gray Poet: Walt Whitman and How He Chose His Career, Bismarck Daily Tribune, February 16, 1890, 4.  

21. Walsh, Pen Pictures of Modern Authors, 163. 

22. Rawson, "A Bygone Bohemia," 106. 

23. Ibid; Wolfe, "Some Literary Shrines of Manhattan, II, 857. 

24. Since the first two editions of Leaves of Grass had not sold as well as Whitman hoped and since his writings consisted of lists and long, unrhymed lines that caused some readers to wonder if they were even poetry, he easily satisfied the Bohemian pre-requisite of having written an unsuccessful and, in the opinions of some, an "unreadable" book. See New York Times, "Bohemia in New-York," January 6, 1858, 4.  

25. Chicago Tribune, "The 'Bohemians' of New York," 1. 

26. M., "Life in a Bar-room [for the Saturday Press]." New-York Saturday Press, January 13, 1866, 26. The Vault at Pfaff's. http://lehigh.edu/pfaffs. Ed. Edward Whitley and Rob Weidman. 

27. Watson, "New York Bohemians," 16. 

28. The New-York Traveler; And United States Hotel Directory, "Our Secret Told, 5. 

29. Parry, Garrets and Pretenders, 23. 

30. Megargee, "Round Table Knights," 9. 

31. Ibid.